The Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) is a vital component of a complete blood count (CBC) that measures the number of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell, in a person’s bloodstream. Neutrophils are a crucial part of the immune system and play a primary role in defending the body against bacterial infections. Monitoring the ANC is particularly important for individuals undergoing chemotherapy or those with conditions that affect the immune system, as these treatments can sometimes lower neutrophil levels, increasing the risk of infections. An ANC below a certain threshold may prompt healthcare professionals to take precautions or adjust treatment plans to ensure the patient’s safety and well-being.